Bioconcentration of Mercury, Lead and Cadmium in the bones and muscles of Citharinus citharaus and Synodontis clarias from the Amassoma Axis of River Nun, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Abstract
 Fish is a major source of animal protein to humans and an input in the production of value added products such as animals feed. Activities of man on the environment, and natural processes, often contaminate the aquatic ecosystem causing pollution and subsequent bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the tissues of fishes. This study evaluated the bioconcentration of some toxic heavy metals in the muscle and bone of Citharinus citharaus and Synodontis clarias from the Amassoma Axis of River Nun, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Standard analytical procedure was employed. The concentration of cadmium and lead from Synodontis clarias ranged from 0.014 - 0.015mg/kg and 0.005 - 0.007 mg/kg respectively in   the muscle and 0.017 - 0.020mg/kg and 0.015 - 0.019mg/kg respectively in the bones. On the other hand, in Cithrinus citharus, the cadmium, lead and mercury concentration ranged from 0.015 - 0.016mg/kg, 0.005 - 0.007mg/kg and 0.001 - 0.002mg/kg respectively in the muscles and 0.024 - 0.030mg/kg, 0.024 - 0.028mg/kg and 0.001 - 0.002mg/kg respectively in the bones. The analysis of variance showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) among most of the fish samples studied. The heavy metals were in the order of mercury<lead <cadmium in both the muscles and the bones of both fishes. The consumption of these fishes therefore, may pose little or no health threat with regard to heavy metal contamination.
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