Author Guidelines

1. Submission of Manuscript:                                      

Authors should submit electronic version (Microsoft word doc or docx) of the manuscript through online submission. or Mail your manuscript to editor.jahs@asdpub.com with cover letter.

Accepted papers will be acknowledged and processed further, if the papers are rejected, the decision will be communicated to the corresponding author but the manuscripts will not be returned.
Acceptance or rejection of the manuscript would be decided after the decision of editorial team.
Acceptance or rejection of the manuscript for publication in journal would be informed to corresponding author shortly from the date of submission.

Copyright form: Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright. This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information.

Informed Consent

The papers comply with the clinical trials informed consent should be obtained from the participants or human healthy volunteers or Patients or in the case of minors the consent should be obtained from the parents. This should be indicated in the article in the method section.

Ethics

Studies reporting the experiments on human subjects and animals, procedures should be followed standard guidelines and authors should indicate whether the procedures followed as the guidelines and ethical standards. The study should be obtained the ethical clearances from the ethical committee. Author should indicate the ethical clearance number or project /proposal approval number in the method section. If needed by the journal editorial board the authors should produce the copy of ethical clearance.

2. Preparing a Manuscript:

Manuscripts should be prepared as word processing documents on A4, or Letter size paper, leaving a liberal margin (2 cm) on all four sides which should be in single-column format. The manuscript should be typed double-spaced throughout including references and tables. All figures and tables should be in the text. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns.

Authors should keep their manuscripts as short as they reasonably can (the total number of words should not exceed 3200). Page number should appear in the upper right hand corner of each page, beginning with the title page. The language of manuscript must be simple and explicit. Author's / Co-author's name or any other identification should not appear anywhere in the body of the manuscript to facilitate blind review.

Subdivision - numbered sections:

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2 ...), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to "the text". Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

We accept manuscript under following categories: Original Articles, Review Articles, Short communications, Case reports, Letter to Editor.

Original Articles: It should be arranged into the following sections:

Title page

It should be paginated as page 1 of the paper. It should carry the title, author’s names and their affiliations, address for correspondence including e-mail address.

Title: Must be informative, specific and short and not exceed 100 characters.

Authors and affiliations: The names of authors and their appropriate addresses, along with individual mail id should be given. It should be made clear which address relates to which author.

Address for correspondence: The corresponding author's address should be given in the title page. The fax number (if available) may be mentioned. The e-mail ID of the corresponding author or the contact e-mail ID must also be provided.

Abstract and key words

Abstract - It should not exceed 250 words excluding the title and the key words. The abstract must be concise, clear and informative rather than indicative. The abstract must be in a structured form consisting of objectives, methods, results and conclusions briefly explaining what was intended, done, observed and concluded. Authors should state the main conclusions clearly and not in vague statements. The conclusions and recommendations not found in the text of the article should not be given in the abstract.

Key words- Provide 3-5 keywords which will help readers or indexing agencies in cross-indexing the study. The words found in title need not be given as key words.

Introduction

It should start on a new page. Essentially this section must introduce the subject and briefly say how the idea for research originated. Give a concise background of the study. Do not review literature extensively but provide the most recent work that has a direct bearing on the subject. Justification for research aims and objectives must be clearly mentioned without any ambiguity. The purpose of the study should be stated at the end. It should not exceed 500 words.

Material and Methods

This section should deal with the materials used and the methodology - how the work was carried out. The procedure adopted should be described in sufficient detail to allow the study to be interpreted and repeated by the readers, if necessary. The number of subjects, the number of groups studied, the study design, sources of drugs with dosage regimen or instruments used, statistical methods and ethical aspects must be mentioned under the section. The methodology - the data collection procedure - must be described in sufficient detail. If a procedure is a commonly used one, giving a reference (previously published) would suffice. If a method is not well known (though previously published) it is better to describe it briefly. Give explicit descriptions of modifications or new methods so that the readers can judge their accuracy, reproducibility and reliability.

The nomenclature, the source of material and equipment used, with details of the manufacturers in parentheses, should be clearly mentioned. Drugs and chemicals should be precisely identified using their non-proprietary names or generic names. If necessary, the proprietary or commercial name may be inserted once in parentheses. In case of pharmaceuticals, the first letter of the drug name should be small for generic name (e.g., dipyridamole, propranolol) but capitalized for proprietary names (e.g., Persantin, Inderal). The routes of administration may be abbreviated, e.g., intraarterial (i.a.), intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.), intra-gastric lavage (i.g.), intramuscular (i.m.), intraperitoneal (i.p.), intravenous (i.v.), per os (p.o.), subcutaneous (s.c.), transdermal (t.d.).

Statistical Methods

The details of statistical tests used and the level of significance should be stated. If more than one test is used it is important to indicate which groups and parameters have been subjected to which test.

Results

The results should be stated concisely without comments. It should be presented in logical sequence in the text with appropriate reference to tables and/or figures. The data given in tables or figures should not be repeated in the text. The same data should not be presented in both tabular and graphic forms. Simple data may be given in the text itself instead of figures or tables. Avoid discussions and conclusions in the results section.

Discussion

This section should deal with the interpretation, rather than recapitulation of results. It is important to discuss the new and significant observations in the light of previous work. Discuss also the weaknesses or pitfalls in the study. New hypotheses or recommendations can be put forth.

Avoid unqualified statements and conclusions not completely supported by the data. Repetition of information given under Introduction and Results should be avoided. Conclusions must be drawn considering the strengths and weaknesses of the study. They must be conveyed in the last paragraph under Discussion. Make sure conclusions drawn should tally with the objectives stated under Introduction.

Acknowledgements
It should be typed in a new page. Acknowledge only persons who have contributed to the scientific content or provided technical support. Sources of financial support should be mentioned.

References

It should begin on a new page. Avoid citing abstracts as references. Papers which have been submitted and accepted but not yet published may be included in the list of references with the name of the journal and indicated as "In press". A photocopy of the acceptance letter should be submitted with the manuscript. Information from manuscript submittedbut not yet accepted should not be included.

The unpublished observations and personal communications may not be used as references but may be inserted (in parentheses) in the text.

References are to be cited in the text by square bracket “[ ]’ number and should be in the order in which they appear. References cited only in tables or in legends to figures should be numbered in accordance with a sequence established by the first identification in the text of the particular table or illustration.

The references must be verified by the author (s) against the original documents. The list of references should be typed double spaced following the Vancouver style.

Refer Examples of references.

Tables
Place tables at appropriate place where it indicated. Each table must be self-explanatory and presented in such a way that they are easily understandable without referring to the text. It should be typed with Single spacing and numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. Provide a short descriptive caption above each table with foot notes and/or explanations underneath. The number of observations, subjects and the units of numerical figures must be given. It is also important to mention whether the given values are mean, median, mean ± SD or mean ± SEM. All significant results must be indicated using asterisks (use symbols, in sequence: *, †, ‡, §, ||, ¶, **, ††, ‡‡, §§, ||||, ¶¶, etc.)

Be sure that each table is cited in the text.

If you use data from another published or unpublished source, obtain permission and acknowledge that source fully.

Illustrations (Figures)

Figures should be either professionally drawn or photographed. For x-ray films, scans, and other diagnostic images, as well as pictures of pathology specimens or photomicrographs, send sharp, glossy, black-and-white or color photographic prints. Letters, numbers, and symbols on figures should be clear and consistent throughout, and large enough to remain legible when the figure is reduced for publication. Figures should be made as self-explanatory as possible, since many will be used directly in slide presentations. Titles and detailed explanations belong in the legends--not on the illustrations themselves.

Photomicrographs should have internal scale markers. Symbols, arrows, or letters used in photomicrographs should contrast with the background.

Photographs of potentially identifiable people must be accompanied by written permission to use the photograph.

Figures should be numbered consecutively according to the order in which they have been cited in the text. If a figure has been published previously, acknowledge the original source and submit written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce the figure. Permission is required irrespective of authorship or publisher except for documents in the public domain.

Units of Measurement

Measurements of length, height, weight, and volume should be reported in metric units (meter, kilogram, or liter) or their decimal multiples.

Temperatures should be in degrees Celsius. Blood pressures should be in millimeters of mercury, unless other units are specifically required by the journal.

Journals vary in the units they use for reporting hematologic, clinical chemistry, and other measurements. Authors must consult the Information for Authors of the particular journal and should report laboratory information in both local and International System of Units (SI). Editors may request that authors add alternative or non-SI units, since SI units are not universally used. Drug concentrations may be reported in either SI or mass units, but the alternative should be provided in parentheses where appropriate.

Abbreviations and Symbols

Use only standard abbreviations; use of nonstandard abbreviations can be confusing to readers. Avoid abbreviations in the title of the manuscript. The spelled-out abbreviation followed by the abbreviation in parenthesis should be used on first mention unless the abbreviation is a standard unit of measurement.

Review articles

These should contain title page, summary (need not be structured) and key words. The text proper should be written under appropriate sub-headings. The authors are encouraged to use flowcharts, boxes, cartoons, simple tables and figures for better presentation. The total number of text words should not exceed 5000 and the total number of figures and tables should not be more than 10.

Short communications

The manuscript should not be divided into sub-sections. It may have up to 1200 words (including a maximum of 5 references) and one figure or one table.

Letter to the Editor

A letter can have a maximum of 800 words (including a maximum of 4 references) with one simple figure or table. The manuscript should not have sub-sections.

EXAMPLES OF REFERENCES

From Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts, www.icmje.org

Articles in Journals

1.  Standard journal article

List the first six authors followed by et al. (Note: NLM now lists up through 25 authors; if there are more than 25 authors, NLM lists the first 24, then the last author, then et al.)

Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med 1996 Jun 1; 124(11): 980-3.

As an option, if a journal carries continuous pagination throughout a volume (as many medical journals do) the month and issue number may be omitted.

(Note: For consistency, the option is used throughout the examples in Uniform Requirements. NLM does not use the option.)

Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevsky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 980-3.

More than six authors:

Parkin DM, Clayton D, Black RJ, Masuyer E, Friedl HP, Ivanov E, et al. Childhood leukaemia in Europe after Chernobyl: 5 year follow-up. Br J Cancer 1996; 73: 1006-12.

2.  Organization as author

The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand. Clinical exercise stress testing. Safety and performance guidelines. Med J Aust 1996; 164: 282-4.

3.  No author given

Cancer in South Africa [editorial]. S Afr Med J 1994; 84: 15.

4.  Article not in English

(Note: NLM translates the title to English, encloses the translation in square brackets, and adds an abbreviated language designator.) Ryder TE, Haukeland EA, Solhaug JH. Bilateral infrapatellar seneruptur hostidligere frisk kvinne. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1996;116:41-2.

5.  Volume with supplement

Shen HM, Zhang QF. Risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and occupational lung cancer. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102 Suppl 1:275-82.

6.  Issue with supplement

Payne DK, Sullivan MD, Massie MJ. Women's psychological reactions to breast cancer. Semin Oncol 1996; 23(1 Suppl 2):89-97.

7. Volume with part

Ozben T, Nacitarhan S, Tuncer N. Plasma and urine sialic acid in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Ann Clin Biochem1995; 32(Pt 3):303-6.

8.  Issue with part

Poole GH, Mills SM. One hundred consecutive cases of flap lacerations of the leg in ageing patients. N Z Med J1994; 107(986 Pt 1):377-8.

9.  Issue with no volume

Turan I, Wredmark T, Fellander-Tsai L. Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Orthop 1995; (320):110-4.

10.  No issue or volume

Browell DA, Lennard TW. Immuno-logic status of the cancer patient and the effects of blood transfusion on antitumor responses. Curr Opin Gen Surg 1993:325-33.

11.  Pagination in Roman numerals

Fisher GA, Sikic BI. Drug resistance in clinical oncology and hematology. Introduction. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 1995 Apr;9(2):xi-xii.

12.  Type of article indicated as needed

Enzensberger W, Fischer PA. Metronome in Parkinson's disease [letter]. Lancet 1996;347:1337. Clement J, De Bock R. Hematological complications of hantavirus nephro-pathy (HVN) [abstract]. Kidney Int 1992;42:1285.

13.  Article containing retraction

Garey CE, Schwarzman AL, Rise ML, Seyfried TN. Ceruloplasmin gene defect associated with epilepsy in EL mice [retraction of Garey CE, Schwarzman AL, Rise ML, Seyfried TN. In: Nat Genet 1994;6: 426-31]. Nat Genet 1995;11:104.

14.  Article retracted

Liou GI, Wang M, Matragoon S. Precocious IRBP gene expression during mouse development [retracted in Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1994; 35:3127]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci1994;35:1083-8.

15.  Article with published erratum

Hamlin JA, Kahn AM. Herniography in symptomatic patients following inguinal hernia repair [published erratum appears in West J Med 1995;162: 278]. West J Med 1995;162: 28-31. Books and Other Monographs (Note: Previous Vancouver style incorrectly had a comma rather than a semicolon between the publisher and the date.)

16.  Personal author(s)

Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996.

17.  Editor(s), compiler(s) as author

Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, editors. Mental health care for elderly people. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996.

18.  Organization as author and publisher

Institute of Medicine (US). Looking at the future of the Medicaid program. Washington: The Institute; 1992.

19.  Chapter in a book

(Note: Previous Vancouver style had a colon rather than a p before pagination.) Phillips SJ, Whisnant JP. Hypertension and stroke. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, editors. Hyperten-sion: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press; 1995. p. 465-78.

20.  Conference proceedings

Kimura J, Shibasaki H, editors. Recent advances in clinical neuro-physiology. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of EMG and Clinical Neurophysiology; 1995 Oct 15-19; Kyoto, Japan. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1996.

21.  Conference paper

Bengtsson S, Solheim BG. Enforce-ment of data protection, privacy and security in medical informatics. In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme TE, Rienhoff O, editors. MEDINFO 92. Procee-dings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Infor-matics; 1992 Sep 6-10; Geneva,

22.  Scientific or technical report

Issued by funding/sponsoring agency: Smith P, Golladay K. Payment for durable medical equipment billed during skilled nursing facility stays. Final report. Dallas (TX): Dept. of Health and Human Services (US), Office of Evaluation and Inspections; 1994 Oct. Report No.: HHSIGOEI69200860. Issued by performing agency: Field MJ, Tranquada RE, Feasley JC, editors. Health services research: work force and educational issues. Washington: National Academy Press; 1995. Contract No.: AHCPR282942008. Sponsored by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.

23.  Dissertation

Kaplan SJ. Post-hospital home health care: the elderly's access and utilization [dissertation]. St. Louis (MO): Washington Univ.; 1995.

24.  Patent

Larsen CE, Trip R, Johnson CR, in-ventors; Novoste Corporation, assignee. Methods for procedures re-lated to the electrophysiology of the heart. US patent 5,529,067. 1995 Jun

25. Other Published Material Newspaper article

Lee G. Hospitalizations tied to ozone pollution: study estimates 50,000 admissions annually. The Washington Post 1996 Jun 21;Sect. A:3 (col. 5).

26.  Audiovisual material

HIV+/AIDS: the facts and the future [videocassette]. St. Louis (MO): Mosby-Year Book; 1995.

27. Legal material Public law:

Preventive Health Amendments of 1993, Pub. L. No. 103-183, 107 Stat. 2226 (Dec. 14, 1993). Unenacted bill: Medical Records Confidentiality Act of 1995, S. 1360, 104th Cong., 1st Sess. (1995) Code of Federal Regulations: Informed Consent, 42 C.F.R. Sect. 441.257 (1995).

Hearing: Increased Drug Abuse: the Impact on the Nation's Emergency Rooms: Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations of the House Comm. on Government Operations, 103rd Cong., 1st Sess. (May 26, 1993).

28.  Map

North Carolina. Tuberculosis rates per 100,000 population, 1990 [demo-graphic map]. Raleigh: North Carolina Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Div. of Epidemio-logy; 1991.

29.  Book of the Bible

The Holy Bible. King James version. Grand Rapids (MI): Zondervan Publishing House; 1995. Ruth 3:1-18.

30. Dictionary and similar references Stedman's medical dictionary. 26th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995. Apraxia; p. 119-20.

31.  Classical material

The Winter's Tale: act 5, scene 1, lines 13-16. The complete works of William Shakespeare. London: Rex; 1973. Unpublished Material

32.  In press

(Note: NLM prefers "forthcoming" because not all items will be printed.) Leshner AI. Molecular mechanisms of cocaine addiction. N Engl J Med. In press 1996.

Electronic Material

33.  Journal article in electronic format

Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg Infect Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5]; 1(1): [24 screens].

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*Presently We do not charge any Kind of Publication Fee until further notice.